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#define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/division_of_polynomials" #include "../../convolution/ntt.hpp" #include "../../fps/fps.hpp" #include "../../modint/modint.hpp" using mint = ebi::modint998244353; using FPS = ebi::FormalPowerSeries<mint, ebi::convolution>; int main() { int n, m; std::cin >> n >> m; FPS f(n), g(m); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) std::cin >> f[i]; for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) std::cin >> g[i]; auto q = f / g; auto r = f % g; std::cout << q.size() << " " << r.size() << '\n'; for (int i = 0; i < (int)q.size(); i++) { std::cout << q[i] << " "; } std::cout << '\n'; for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) { std::cout << r[i] << " "; } std::cout << '\n'; }
#line 1 "test/polynomial/Division_of_Polynomials.test.cpp" #define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/division_of_polynomials" #line 2 "convolution/ntt.hpp" #include <algorithm> #include <array> #include <bit> #include <cassert> #include <vector> #line 2 "math/internal_math.hpp" #line 4 "math/internal_math.hpp" namespace ebi { namespace internal { constexpr int primitive_root_constexpr(int m) { if (m == 2) return 1; if (m == 167772161) return 3; if (m == 469762049) return 3; if (m == 754974721) return 11; if (m == 998244353) return 3; if (m == 880803841) return 26; if (m == 924844033) return 5; return -1; } template <int m> constexpr int primitive_root = primitive_root_constexpr(m); } // namespace internal } // namespace ebi #line 2 "modint/base.hpp" #include <concepts> #include <iostream> #include <utility> namespace ebi { template <class T> concept Modint = requires(T a, T b) { a + b; a - b; a * b; a / b; a.inv(); a.val(); a.pow(std::declval<long long>()); T::mod(); }; template <Modint mint> std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &os, mint &a) { long long x; os >> x; a = x; return os; } template <Modint mint> std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const mint &a) { return os << a.val(); } } // namespace ebi #line 11 "convolution/ntt.hpp" namespace ebi { namespace internal { template <Modint mint, int g = internal::primitive_root<mint::mod()>> struct ntt_info { static constexpr int rank2 = std::countr_zero((unsigned int)(mint::mod() - 1)); std::array<mint, rank2 + 1> root, inv_root; ntt_info() { root[rank2] = mint(g).pow((mint::mod() - 1) >> rank2); inv_root[rank2] = root[rank2].inv(); for (int i = rank2 - 1; i >= 0; i--) { root[i] = root[i + 1] * root[i + 1]; inv_root[i] = inv_root[i + 1] * inv_root[i + 1]; } } }; template <Modint mint> void butterfly(std::vector<mint>& a) { static const ntt_info<mint> info; int n = int(a.size()); int bit_size = std::countr_zero(a.size()); assert(n == (int)std::bit_ceil(a.size())); // bit reverse for (int i = 0, j = 1; j < n - 1; j++) { for (int k = n >> 1; k > (i ^= k); k >>= 1) ; if (j < i) { std::swap(a[i], a[j]); } } for (int bit = 0; bit < bit_size; bit++) { for (int i = 0; i < n / (1 << (bit + 1)); i++) { mint zeta1 = 1; mint zeta2 = info.root[1]; for (int j = 0; j < (1 << bit); j++) { int idx = i * (1 << (bit + 1)) + j; int jdx = idx + (1 << bit); mint p1 = a[idx]; mint p2 = a[jdx]; a[idx] = p1 + zeta1 * p2; a[jdx] = p1 + zeta2 * p2; zeta1 *= info.root[bit + 1]; zeta2 *= info.root[bit + 1]; } } } } template <Modint mint> void butterfly_inv(std::vector<mint>& a) { static const ntt_info<mint> info; int n = int(a.size()); int bit_size = std::countr_zero(a.size()); assert(n == (int)std::bit_ceil(a.size())); // bit reverse for (int i = 0, j = 1; j < n - 1; j++) { for (int k = n >> 1; k > (i ^= k); k >>= 1) ; if (j < i) { std::swap(a[i], a[j]); } } for (int bit = 0; bit < bit_size; bit++) { for (int i = 0; i < n / (1 << (bit + 1)); i++) { mint zeta1 = 1; mint zeta2 = info.inv_root[1]; for (int j = 0; j < (1 << bit); j++) { int idx = i * (1 << (bit + 1)) + j; int jdx = idx + (1 << bit); mint p1 = a[idx]; mint p2 = a[jdx]; a[idx] = p1 + zeta1 * p2; a[jdx] = p1 + zeta2 * p2; zeta1 *= info.inv_root[bit + 1]; zeta2 *= info.inv_root[bit + 1]; } } } mint inv_n = mint(n).inv(); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { a[i] *= inv_n; } } } // namespace internal template <Modint mint> std::vector<mint> convolution_naive(const std::vector<mint>& f, const std::vector<mint>& g) { if (f.empty() || g.empty()) return {}; int n = int(f.size()), m = int(g.size()); std::vector<mint> c(n + m - 1); if (n < m) { for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { c[i + j] += f[i] * g[j]; } } } else { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) { c[i + j] += f[i] * g[j]; } } } return c; } template <Modint mint> std::vector<mint> convolution(const std::vector<mint>& f, const std::vector<mint>& g) { if (f.empty() || g.empty()) return {}; if (std::min(f.size(), g.size()) < 60) return convolution_naive(f, g); int n = std::bit_ceil(f.size() + g.size() - 1); std::vector<mint> a(n), b(n); std::copy(f.begin(), f.end(), a.begin()); std::copy(g.begin(), g.end(), b.begin()); internal::butterfly(a); internal::butterfly(b); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { a[i] *= b[i]; } internal::butterfly_inv(a); a.resize(f.size() + g.size() - 1); return a; } } // namespace ebi #line 2 "fps/fps.hpp" #line 5 "fps/fps.hpp" #include <optional> #line 7 "fps/fps.hpp" #line 9 "fps/fps.hpp" namespace ebi { template <Modint mint, std::vector<mint> (*convolution)(const std::vector<mint> &, const std::vector<mint> &)> struct FormalPowerSeries : std::vector<mint> { private: using std::vector<mint>::vector; using std::vector<mint>::vector::operator=; using FPS = FormalPowerSeries; public: FormalPowerSeries(const std::vector<mint> &a) { *this = a; } FPS operator+(const FPS &rhs) const noexcept { return FPS(*this) += rhs; } FPS operator-(const FPS &rhs) const noexcept { return FPS(*this) -= rhs; } FPS operator*(const FPS &rhs) const noexcept { return FPS(*this) *= rhs; } FPS operator/(const FPS &rhs) const noexcept { return FPS(*this) /= rhs; } FPS operator%(const FPS &rhs) const noexcept { return FPS(*this) %= rhs; } FPS operator+(const mint &rhs) const noexcept { return FPS(*this) += rhs; } FPS operator-(const mint &rhs) const noexcept { return FPS(*this) -= rhs; } FPS operator*(const mint &rhs) const noexcept { return FPS(*this) *= rhs; } FPS operator/(const mint &rhs) const noexcept { return FPS(*this) /= rhs; } FPS &operator+=(const FPS &rhs) noexcept { if (this->size() < rhs.size()) this->resize(rhs.size()); for (int i = 0; i < (int)rhs.size(); ++i) { (*this)[i] += rhs[i]; } return *this; } FPS &operator-=(const FPS &rhs) noexcept { if (this->size() < rhs.size()) this->resize(rhs.size()); for (int i = 0; i < (int)rhs.size(); ++i) { (*this)[i] -= rhs[i]; } return *this; } FPS &operator*=(const FPS &rhs) noexcept { *this = convolution(*this, rhs); return *this; } FPS &operator/=(const FPS &rhs) noexcept { int n = deg() - 1; int m = rhs.deg() - 1; if (n < m) { *this = {}; return *this; } *this = (*this).rev() * rhs.rev().inv(n - m + 1); (*this).resize(n - m + 1); std::reverse((*this).begin(), (*this).end()); return *this; } FPS &operator%=(const FPS &rhs) noexcept { *this -= *this / rhs * rhs; shrink(); return *this; } FPS &operator+=(const mint &rhs) noexcept { if (this->empty()) this->resize(1); (*this)[0] += rhs; return *this; } FPS &operator-=(const mint &rhs) noexcept { if (this->empty()) this->resize(1); (*this)[0] -= rhs; return *this; } FPS &operator*=(const mint &rhs) noexcept { for (int i = 0; i < deg(); ++i) { (*this)[i] *= rhs; } return *this; } FPS &operator/=(const mint &rhs) noexcept { mint inv_rhs = rhs.inv(); for (int i = 0; i < deg(); ++i) { (*this)[i] *= inv_rhs; } return *this; } FPS operator>>(int d) const { if (deg() <= d) return {}; FPS f = *this; f.erase(f.begin(), f.begin() + d); return f; } FPS operator<<(int d) const { FPS f = *this; f.insert(f.begin(), d, 0); return f; } FPS operator-() const { FPS g(this->size()); for (int i = 0; i < (int)this->size(); i++) g[i] = -(*this)[i]; return g; } FPS pre(int sz) const { return FPS(this->begin(), this->begin() + std::min(deg(), sz)); } FPS rev() const { auto f = *this; std::reverse(f.begin(), f.end()); return f; } FPS differential() const { int n = deg(); FPS g(std::max(0, n - 1)); for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) { g[i] = (*this)[i + 1] * (i + 1); } return g; } FPS integral() const { int n = deg(); FPS g(n + 1); g[0] = 0; if (n > 0) g[1] = 1; auto mod = mint::mod(); for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) g[i] = (-g[mod % i]) * (mod / i); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) g[i + 1] *= (*this)[i]; return g; } FPS inv(int d = -1) const { int n = 1; if (d < 0) d = deg(); FPS g(n); g[0] = (*this)[0].inv(); while (n < d) { n <<= 1; g = (g * 2 - g * g * this->pre(n)).pre(n); } g.resize(d); return g; } FPS log(int d = -1) const { assert((*this)[0].val() == 1); if (d < 0) d = deg(); return ((*this).differential() * (*this).inv(d)).pre(d - 1).integral(); } FPS exp(int d = -1) const { assert((*this)[0].val() == 0); int n = 1; if (d < 0) d = deg(); FPS g(n); g[0] = 1; while (n < d) { n <<= 1; g = (g * (this->pre(n) - g.log(n) + 1)).pre(n); } g.resize(d); return g; } FPS pow(int64_t k, int d = -1) const { const int n = deg(); if (d < 0) d = n; if (k == 0) { FPS f(d); if (d > 0) f[0] = 1; return f; } for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { if ((*this)[i] != 0) { mint rev = (*this)[i].inv(); FPS f = (((*this * rev) >> i).log(d) * k).exp(d); f *= (*this)[i].pow(k); f = (f << (i * k)).pre(d); if (f.deg() < d) f.resize(d); return f; } if (i + 1 >= (d + k - 1) / k) break; } return FPS(d); } int deg() const { return (*this).size(); } void shrink() { while ((!this->empty()) && this->back() == 0) this->pop_back(); } int count_terms() const { int c = 0; for (int i = 0; i < deg(); i++) { if ((*this)[i] != 0) c++; } return c; } std::optional<FPS> sqrt(int d = -1) const; static FPS exp_x(int n) { FPS f(n); mint fact = 1; for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) fact *= i; f[n - 1] = fact.inv(); for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) f[i - 1] = f[i] * i; return f; } }; } // namespace ebi #line 2 "modint/modint.hpp" #line 5 "modint/modint.hpp" #line 7 "modint/modint.hpp" namespace ebi { template <int m> struct static_modint { private: using modint = static_modint; public: static constexpr int mod() { return m; } static constexpr modint raw(int v) { modint x; x._v = v; return x; } constexpr static_modint() : _v(0) {} constexpr static_modint(long long v) { v %= (long long)umod(); if (v < 0) v += (long long)umod(); _v = (unsigned int)v; } constexpr unsigned int val() const { return _v; } constexpr unsigned int value() const { return val(); } constexpr modint &operator++() { _v++; if (_v == umod()) _v = 0; return *this; } constexpr modint &operator--() { if (_v == 0) _v = umod(); _v--; return *this; } constexpr modint operator++(int) { modint res = *this; ++*this; return res; } constexpr modint operator--(int) { modint res = *this; --*this; return res; } constexpr modint &operator+=(const modint &rhs) { _v += rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v -= umod(); return *this; } constexpr modint &operator-=(const modint &rhs) { _v -= rhs._v; if (_v >= umod()) _v += umod(); return *this; } constexpr modint &operator*=(const modint &rhs) { unsigned long long x = _v; x *= rhs._v; _v = (unsigned int)(x % (unsigned long long)umod()); return *this; } constexpr modint &operator/=(const modint &rhs) { return *this = *this * rhs.inv(); } constexpr modint operator+() const { return *this; } constexpr modint operator-() const { return modint() - *this; } constexpr modint pow(long long n) const { assert(0 <= n); modint x = *this, res = 1; while (n) { if (n & 1) res *= x; x *= x; n >>= 1; } return res; } constexpr modint inv() const { assert(_v); return pow(umod() - 2); } friend modint operator+(const modint &lhs, const modint &rhs) { return modint(lhs) += rhs; } friend modint operator-(const modint &lhs, const modint &rhs) { return modint(lhs) -= rhs; } friend modint operator*(const modint &lhs, const modint &rhs) { return modint(lhs) *= rhs; } friend modint operator/(const modint &lhs, const modint &rhs) { return modint(lhs) /= rhs; } friend bool operator==(const modint &lhs, const modint &rhs) { return lhs.val() == rhs.val(); } friend bool operator!=(const modint &lhs, const modint &rhs) { return !(lhs == rhs); } private: unsigned int _v = 0; static constexpr unsigned int umod() { return m; } }; using modint998244353 = static_modint<998244353>; using modint1000000007 = static_modint<1000000007>; } // namespace ebi #line 6 "test/polynomial/Division_of_Polynomials.test.cpp" using mint = ebi::modint998244353; using FPS = ebi::FormalPowerSeries<mint, ebi::convolution>; int main() { int n, m; std::cin >> n >> m; FPS f(n), g(m); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) std::cin >> f[i]; for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) std::cin >> g[i]; auto q = f / g; auto r = f % g; std::cout << q.size() << " " << r.size() << '\n'; for (int i = 0; i < (int)q.size(); i++) { std::cout << q[i] << " "; } std::cout << '\n'; for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) { std::cout << r[i] << " "; } std::cout << '\n'; }